ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Key Words
- Isomers: organic molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas and different properties
- Structural isomers: have the same molecular formula but different structure
- Geometric isomers: form due to the inflexibility of double bonds between the crabons
- Optical isomers: are mirror images of each other
- Functional groups: are atoms or groups of atoms, covalently bonded to the carbon skeleton
- Hydroxyl group: [-OH] ex: alcohols
- Carbonyl group: [-C=O] ex: aldose sugars
- Carboxyl group: [-COOH] ex: amino acids
- Amino group: [-NH2] ex: nucleic acids
- Sulfhydryl group: [-SH] ex: proteins
- Phosphate group: [-OPO3(2-)] ex: phospholipids
- Methyl group: [-CH3] ex: hydrocarbons